Rich volcanic and ancient sea soils form the base of the agriculturally diverse Willamette Valley. Hundreds of family owned vineyards, wineries, hazelnut orchards, acres of flower and grass seed, Christmas trees, berries, hops and other crop farms, small and large processing facilities, a few rivers, dot the landscape. Cities and some small towns built to support agriculture are expanding, challenging the balance of rural agriculture and urban lifestyle, offering modern conveniences along with historic charm. Respected public, private universities add cultural elements, draw visitors, as do popular food/beverage oriented festivals.